PVDF

Abstract(#br)Superhydrophobic membranes with nanostructure for membrane distillation are fabricated via spraying a mixture of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and hydrophobic SiO 2 nanoparticles on poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) flat sheet membranes.

Abstract(#br)The further advance of membrane distillation (MD) is hampered due to inadequate membrane durability challenged by wetting-induced performance deterioration. The current study presents a novel approach to fabrication of superhydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes via construction of hierarchical textures on membrane surfaces based on a nanocasting strategy. Two types of PVDF membranes with different surface textures were prepared, separately using a stainless-steel mesh (SSM) or its negative polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) template as a fabrication substrate.

Abstract(#br)Bio-butanol is an important aspect for development of renewable energy. Currently, it remains challenging for developing highly permeable and selective composite membranes to efficiently recover butanol produced in biomass fermentation process. In this work, we fabricated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) into thin and defect-free composite membranes by using porous PVDF as the substrate. The formation of PDMS membrane layer was finely controlled by optimizing the substrate pore size and casting solution viscosity.

压电/非压电聚合物和BaTiO3纳米颗粒组成的有机-无机压电纳米复合材料的输出性能比较研究；压电；$BaTiO_3$；PVDF；纳米复合材料；压电能量收集技术正引起人们的关注，因为它可以将更易获取的机械能资源转化为周期性电能。压电能量收集器( PEHs )领域的最新进展与无机压电纳米材料和有机弹性体制备的纳米复合材料相关联。这里，我们利用$BaTiO_3$纳米粒子和压电聚偏氟乙烯( PVDF )聚合物基体制备了纳米复合材料基PEH，以提高PEHs的输出性能。压电纳米复合材料是将无机压电陶瓷纳米颗粒分散在有机压电聚合物内部，然后旋涂在金属板上制备的。所制备的有机-无机压电纳米复合材料基PEH在反复机械推动下收获了~ 1.5 V的输出电压和~ 90 nA的电流信号：这些值与用非压电聚二甲基硅氧烷( PDMS )弹性体制成的能量器件进行了比较，并得到了多物理场模拟软件的支持。

油水分离技术在这些年来一直在不断进步。近来，重力辅助过滤得到了相当多的关注，尽管大部分研究集中在重力作用下容易分离的油水合成混合物。对于机械稳定和化学稳定的乳状液，除静态重力头外，不需要外加外部压力就可以分离是一个挑战。要实现这一目标，过滤介质应具有高孔隙率，以获得高通量，但要控制孔径，以获得高选择性。而且，为了分解乳液，过滤介质表面应赋予超润湿特性。本文综合评述了不同的多孔过滤介质(金属网、有机膜、无机膜、滤纸和三维材料)及其相应的改性技术和/或功能化策略，以改善其性能，实现高效重力驱动过滤应用。