油水分离

Abstract(#br)A method employing one kind of material both for the construction of rough morphology and the chemical modification is called self-modification by us, which has not been reported in fabricating superhydrophobic surfaces so far. In this paper, taking candle soot as an intermediate, we created rough, superhydrophilic and transparent surfaces on glass trough calcination of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) at 550\u003cce:hsp sp=\"0.25\"/\u003e°C.

Abstract(#br)The surface wettability switching of JUC-150 Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) mesh from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity was achieved by a facial polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) modification method. The PDMS modified JUC-150 mesh (JUC-150@PDMS mesh) exhibited high oil-water separation efficiency and flux attributed to the porous structure of the nickel mesh substrate. The passing phase (water or oil) through the MOF mesh can be determined according to the demand, which is of vital importance for industrial applications.

Abstract(#br)Commercial cotton fabric was coated with SiO 2 nanoparticles wrapped with a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) layer, and the resulting material surface showed a water contact angle greater than 160°. The superhydrophobic fabric showed resistance to water-soluble contaminants and maintained its original superhydrophobic properties with almost no alteration even after many times of absorption-washing cycles of oil. Moreover, superhydrophobic fabric can be used as a filter to separate oil from water.

Abstract(#br)Despite of the extensive effort made to construct a superhydrophobic surface in labs, achieving a short processing time and via a sustainable production route remains a challenge for practical applications. Here, with tetrahydrofuran and n-hexane as co-solvent, we demonstrate that roughness can be induced on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coatings to achieve superhydrophobic coatings on different types of substrates including woven fabrics, non-woven fabrics, and melamine sponge.

Abstract(#br)Porous SiOC ceramic membranes (PSCM), with a narrow pore size distribution, were prepared by a casting method, using a polymer liquid (polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS), as a pore-forming agent, and a pre-ceramic liquid (polysiloxane, PSO), followed by pyrolysis at 1200 °C in flowing Ar gas. Pore size, porosity, and N 2 and water permeation increased with increasing PDMS content in the mixture of the precursors. An oil-in-water emulsion, with an average oil diameter of 0.83 μm, was effectively separated (95% rejection rate) with membranes which had an average pore size of 0.59 μm.

Abstract(#br)Oil spill accidents and industrial oily wastewater are threatening all living species in the ecological system. Development of materials with special wettability for oil/water separation has been the subject of many researches. Herein, superhydrophobic and superoelophilic nanocomposite coatings, based on titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), were applied on metal meshes with different pore sizes (25 and 100 μm). Morphological analysis revealed that adding PDMS, as a binder, significantly changes the surface structure of the coatings.

在聚乙烯醇( PVA )水溶液和聚二甲基硅氧烷( PDMS )乙醇水溶液中，采用简单的绿色溶液浸渍法制备了超疏水三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫( SMF )。将MF从水溶液中转移到乙醇中，得到的相分离PVA能够在MF骨架上形成微纳结构，从而使泡沫表面具有相当的粗糙度。随着PDMS的交联，表面形成了疏水涂层。改性泡沫表现出超疏水特性(水接触角157°，水滑角7° )。评价了其对不同有机溶剂的吸收能力。同时，为了验证油水分离效率，设计了一种简单的将改性泡沫块与真空系统连接的油水分离装置。改性后的泡沫除具有优异的油水分离性能外，还表现出良好的压缩性能，在pH为1 ~ 13的溶液中表现出优异的耐腐蚀性能，可循环使用150次，力学性能提高，阻燃性能提高。与传统的多孔超疏水吸收剂涉及复杂的方法和纳米材料相比，这种以简单、低成本、环境友好的方式制备的高效超疏水吸收剂在处理溢油和工业有机污染方面具有广阔的前景。

Abstract(#br)Superhydrophobic nanofibrous membranes have attracted tremendous attention to deal with some environmental problems like oil leakage and wastewater treatment; however, their poor durability, recyclability and stability limit their broad applications in the complex and harsh water treatment. Here, we prepared a superhydrophobic, anti-ultraviolet, durable and stretchable nanofiber composite membrane. TiO 2 nanoparticles were anchored onto the thermal plastic polyurethane (PU) nanofiber surface by ultrasonication, followed by polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) modification.

Abstract(#br)Superhydrophobic polymer nanocomposite coatings based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and silica nanoparticles were fabricated on the surface of cotton fabrics via a dip-coating technique. The major aim was to illuminate the effect of a proper curing agent on the hydrophobicity of PDMS-based coating on the fabric surface. Employing different ratios of polymer and nanoparticles in the absence/presence of a curing agent resulted in the optimum formulation with enhanced chemical and mechanical durability.

Abstract(#br)Oil spill has now been a serious environmental issue, threatening the aquatic ecosystems and even human living environment. It is still challenging to develop absorbents for efficient oil/water emulsion separation and clean-up of viscous crude oil. Here, we propose a facile method to fabricate flexible and superhydrophobic foam composites for high efficiency oil/water separation under different complex environment. Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) with a hollow structure are decorated uniformly onto the skeleton of the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) foam with a strong interfacial adhesion.