乙醇-水

Abstract(#br)A novel organophilic nano-silica (ONS) filled polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite membrane was prepared and characterized for the pervaporation (PV) of ethanol from water. The sorption and diffusion behaviors of ethanol and water in the composite membranes were investigated. The results showed that with increasing ONS concentration from 0\u003cce:hsp sp=\"0.25\"/\u003ewt.% to 10\u003cce:hsp sp=\"0.25\"/\u003ewt.%, the solubility selectivity and the diffusion selectivity increased from 21.87 to 38.85 and from 1.87 to 6.18, respectively.

Abstract(#br)The cost of polymer membranes significantly affects their industrial applications, which is inversely proportional to their thickness. Hence, to economically realize the industrial applications of polymer membranes, their thickness should be reduced. In this work, a facile and scalable coating method was used to fabricate thin pervaporation composite membranes. The viscosity of the membrane solution and the hydrodynamic diameter of the polymer coil in heptane were optimized.

聚合物膜的成本显著影响其工业应用，其厚度与成本成反比。因此，为了经济地实现聚合物膜的工业应用，必须减小聚合物膜的厚度。本工作采用一种简便、可扩展的涂层方法制备了薄的渗透汽化复合膜。优化了膜溶液的粘度和聚合物卷在庚烷中的流体力学直径。可得到厚度低至700 nm的聚二甲基硅氧烷/聚四氟乙烯复合膜。复合膜表面疏水性几乎不变，在40  ℃分离5  wt %乙醇溶液时，分离因子保持8.6，通量高达2.4   kg / ( m2·h )。研究了进料压力、进料温度、水蒸气透过率和底物对其性能的影响。结果表明，膜液粘度过低或过高都不适合无缺陷膜的形成。这也说明本研究开发的采用最佳膜液黏度的镀膜方法是大规模制备亚微米厚膜的有效途径。